Natural, Demographic and Social
Advantages
Andhra Pradesh has geographical area of 275,045 sq
km. The Census 2011, places the state as India's fourth
largest state by area and fifth largest by population, with
8.47 crore inhabitants.
Andhra Pradesh State is blessed with major river
systems like the Godavari, Krishna, Pennar, Vamsadhara
and 36 other rivulets and endowed with abundant
natural resources like fertile land and highly conducive
climatic conditions. The geographical area of the State
is classified into 5 categories of soils spread across 9
Agro-Climatic zones.
The state enjoys several competitive socio-economic
and demographic advantages. Andhra Pradesh situated
in a tropical region, has the 2nd longest coastline in
the country with a length of 974 km. The State has a
Forest area of 63,814 Sq.Kms as per the Forest records,
which accounts for 23.2% the total geographical area.
The state has a variety of physiographic features ranging
from high hills, undulating plains to coastal and deltaic
environment.
The State accounts for 7% of the country’s population.
A significant decline is observed in the Rate of Growth
of population during 2001-11 which has come down to
11.1 percent compared to 14.6 percent in the previous
decade 1991-2001. 66.5% of the total population lives in
rural areas while 33.5% live in urban areas of the state.
The Sex Ratio in the State, up from 978 in 2001 to 992
in 2011, is higher than All India ratio of 940 in 2011
and reflects the sustained efforts of the Government
in educating the people, especially those in rural areas.
It is heartening that the favourable trend in sex ratio
registered for the first time in the State in 2001 continued
in Census 2011 also. However, the Child Sex Ratio (CSR)
remains a concern as the state has registered a decline by
18 points in CSR from 943 in the 2011 Census from 961
in 2001 Census.
GENERAL REVIEW 1Chapter
Literacy Rate in Andhra Pradesh has witnessed
upward trend and is 67.66 percent as per 2011
population census. Of that, male literacy stands
at 75.56 percent while female literacy is at 59.74
percent. Literacy rate in Andhra Pradesh stood at
60.47 percent of which male and female were 71.16
percent and 50.29 percent literate respectively in 2001.
In actual numbers, total literates in Andhra Pradesh
stands at 51,438,510 of which 28,759,782 were male
were and 22,678,728 female.
Andhra Pradesh has been historically called as the "Rice
Bowl of India" and continues to be the largest producer
of Rice in the country. The state is also the leading
producer of cash crops like Tobacco, Groundnut,
Chillies, Turmeric, Oilseeds, Cotton, Sugar and Jute. It
produces some of the finest varieties of fruit like mango,
grapes, guava, sapota, papaya and bananas.
The state has grown in terms of its technological
infrastructure and is among the major states that has
witnessed development in sectors like IT and Telecom
and continues to be a preferred destination in the
country. The State is an important tourist hub both for
national and international travelers with several holy
pilgrim centres, ports, rivers, beaches and hill stations.
Progressive Growth Momentum
Andhra Pradesh economy since formation of the State
in 1956 has progressed harmoniously with All-India
trends. However, it broke past the conventional growth
trends around 1980-81 and turned vibrant over a period
of time. The average annual growth of the economy
of the State until the beginning of 80s was a little over
3% and progressed towards a higher growth trajectory
after 80s.
After a moderate performance during the Ninth Five
Year Plan (1997-98 to 2001-02) when the state registered
a growth rate of 5.6%, the economy accelerated in the
Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-03 to 2006-07) to register
impressive growth of 8.2%. The state with its growth
1propelling strategies and investment enabling policies
could sustain the growth momentum even during the
11th Plan, going on to surpass All-India GDP growth
rate by few notches.
The strength of fundamentals of the economy is evident
from the remarkable transition to a high growth path,
which was achieved in the recent years. Various strategic
initiatives put in place by the State, by and large have
improved the living standards of people including those
living at the lower echelons of the society.
Macro-Economic Aggregates – Current
Scenario
As the year 2012-13 marks the beginning of the XII
plan and the performance of the state economy in the
previous plan period sets the tone for future growth
forecast. During the 11th Five Year Plan (2007-08 to
2011-12), Andhra Pradesh registered an average growth
rate of 8.18% against the Nation’s GDP growth rate of
8.02% (at constant prices).
The GSDP at constant (2004-05) prices for the year
2012-13 (Advance Estimates) is estimated at Rs.4,26,470
crores as against Rs.4,05,046 crores for 2011-12 (First
Revised Estimates) indicating a growth of 5.29%.
Corresponding sectoral growth rates are 1.96% in
Agriculture, 0.73% in Industry and 8.45% in the Services
sector.
Per Capita Income is a broad pointer of the standard
of living of people. As per the Advance estimates of
2012-13, the Per Capita Income of Andhra Pradesh at
current prices increased to Rs.77,277 from Rs.68,970 in
2011-12 registering a growth of 12%. The Per Capita
Income at constant (2004-05) prices, has also gone up
from Rs.42,119 in 2011-12 to Rs.44, 110 in 2012-13,
registering a growth rate of 4.7%. Andhra Pradesh
maintained the trend of recording a higher per capita
income than the national average which in 2012-13 (A),
is higher by more than Rs. 8,500.
Public Finance
During the financial year 2012-13 (RE), own tax revenue
estimates at Rs.62,572 crore registered a growth of 17.43
per cent over previous year. Sales Tax continues to be
the major source of revenue for the State. The revenue
realized through Sales Tax during 2012-13 (RE) was
Rs.42,041 Crore. Similarly, non-tax revenue estimates at
Rs.12,864 crore registered a growth rate of 10 per cent
over the previous year. Out of the total expenditure of
Rs.1,30,629 Crore during the year 2012-13 (RE), capital
expenditure constituted 14.34%. Revenue expenditure
at Rs.1,07,815 crore resulted in a revenue surplus of
Rs.1,686 crore. Fiscal deficit estimates at Rs.21,129 crore
constitutes 2.46 per cent of GSDP.
Prices
Average Daily Retail Prices of Rice (II sort), Redgramdal
(II sort) and Groundnut Oil have shown an increasing
trend whereas prices of Common Tamarind (Without
seed), Red Chillies Dry (Gr II) and Onions (Gr II)
have shown a decreasing trend in the period April to
December 2012 compared to the corresponding period
last year.
Consumer Price Indices for Industrial Workers increased
by 10% both in the State and All India level in the period
April to November 2012 over the corresponding period
of previous year. The Average Daily Wages of Artisans
and Field Labour (both men and women) increased
during 2011-12 compared to previous year. Similarly
wages also increased from April to December 12
compared to corresponding period of last year.
Public Distribution
Rationalization of existing F.P. shops has been done to
ensure effective functioning of PDS, and enable card
holders easy access to F.P. Shops without having to travel
long distances. The number of ration cards have been
worked out for each of the Fair Price shops in rural,
urban and municipal corporation areas separately. There
were 44,778 Fair Price Shops functioning in the State
as on 31.10.2012. Out of them 7,393 are in urban areas
and 37,385 in rural areas. On an average, each shop has
535 cards / families. There is one shop for every 1,965
persons in Andhra Pradesh as against the Government
of India norm of one Fair Price Shop for every 2,000
persons. Rice is being made available to BPL families at
Rs.1/- per kg as nutritional support to the poor.
Seasonal Conditions
269 mm rainfall was received during the North East
monsoon period for 2012-13 as against the normal
rainfall of 224 mm, registering an excess of 20.1%.
632 mm rainfall was received during the South West
Monsoon period for 2012-13 as against the normal
rainfall of 624 mm, registering an excess of 1.3 %.
2Area and Production (Kharif and Rabi
Season), Size of Holdings
As per the second advance estimates, the area as well
as production of food grains for the year 2012-13 are
expected to show a decline in comparison with the
previous year. The area under food grains is expected to
be 66.32 lakh hectares in 2012-13 as against 72.89 lakh
hectares in 2011-12, showing a decline of 9.01%. The
total production of food grains in 2012-13 is expected
to be 170.78 lakh tonnes in 2012-13 while it was 184.02
lakh tonnes in 2011-12 – registering a decline of 13.24
lakh tonnes (7.19%).
The Net Area Irrigated in the state increased to 50.89
lakh hectares in 2011-12 as against 50.34 lakh hectares
in 2010-11 showing a marginal increase of 1.09 percent.
The average size of land holdings in the state declined
to 1.08 hectares during 2010-11 from 1.20 hectares in
2005-06. The number of holdings has increased from
1.20 crores in 2005-06 to 1.32 crores in 2010-11.
Agricultural Credit, Vaddileni Panta Runalu
The Annual Credit Plan 2011-12 for the State was
Rs.48,000 crores towards agriculture credit. Nearly,
Rs.58,511 crores was disbursed under Agricultural credit.
Interest free crop loans up to Rs.1.00 lakh to all farmers
and Pavala Vaddi for crop loans from Rs. 1.00 lakh
to 3.00 lakhs in case of prompt repayment beginning
from the Rabi season of 2011 was announced by the
Government in Nov, 2011. An amount of Rs. 330.10
crores was credited to 18.57 lakh farmers under Interest
Waiver Scheme (16 flood affected districts) during
2011- 12.
Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme
Weather based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS) which
was launched in Guntur District for Red Chilly crop
during Kharif 2009 was extended to other crops like
Cotton, Red Chilly, Tomato, Groundnut, Sweet lime, Oil
palm, Banana, Cashew, Mango etc., in other Districts
every season in the interest of the farming community.
Modified National Agriculture Insurance
Scheme
Apart from NAIS, Modified National Agricultural
Insurance Scheme was launched in the State during
Rabi 2010-11 on pilot basis in 3 districts viz., Prakasam,
Nellore and Warangal. The scheme contains additional
farmers-friendly features such as localized calamities
such as hailstorm and post harvest losses for which
farmer wise assessment is taken up for settlement of
claims.
Since rice is a major crop in these districts, it was notified
for implementation under village as unit. The modified
pilot scheme was continued in East Godavari, West
Godavari and Krishna during Kharif and Prakasam,
Nellore and Warangal during Rabi seasons for the
benefit of farmers.
Co-operation
The PACS have been re-organized from 4465 to 2949 in
the State. Total financial assistance received so far under
revival package for rural cooperative credit structure is
Rs.1868.69 crores including the State Government share
of Rs. 261.02 crores.
Horticulture
In view of the increased public investment in
Horticulture sector, the Government of Andhra Pradesh
has been giving much needed emphasis to Horticulture
development primarily targeted at increasing the
production and productivity of horticulture crops,
development of infrastructure for post harvest
management and providing access to domestic and
export markets. The sub-sector has moved from
production enhancement to value-addition.
Andhra Pradesh Ranks 1st in production of Spices and
Fruits and 3rd in production of flowers in the country.
Andhra Pradesh Ranks 1st in production of Citrus,
Papaya, Oil Palm and Tomato 2nd in the production of
Mango, Cashew, 3rd in the production of loose flowers
and 4th in the production of Banana (NHB data base 2011).
The area under Horticulture crops grew on an average
annually at the rate of 6.0% from 2001-02 to 2012-13(A),
with the production growth being more impressive at 9.8%.
A total area of 8.95 lakh hectares was covered with Micro
irrigation system in 22 districts of Andhra Pradesh till
31-03-2012 since November, 2003.
Livestock and Livestock Products
From a humble beginning of backyard poultry, Livestock
Sector has grown to a stage of dynamic industry
alongside the Milk production making quantum leap and
Meat production increasing substantially.
3A sizable number of families owning sheep and goat
have already been covered with 100% livestock insurance.
Effective veterinary and animal husbandry services
rendered over the years have been the main factors
helping these production levels. Livestock and dairying
activity is more lucrative and provides sustainable daily
income to nearly 60 Lakh families even during adverse
seasonal conditions.
There is a large contingent of livestock in the state.
As per 2007 census, the Livestock population consists
of 112.23 lakh Cattle, 132.72 lakh Buffaloes, 255.39
lakh Sheep, 96.26 lakh Goats and 1239.85 lakh Poultry
besides others.
The State Government has launched a massive
programme for restructuring breeding operations in
cattle under the National Project for Cattle and Buffalo
Breeding (NPCBB) scheme being implemented by
the Andhra Pradesh Livestock Development Agency
(APLDA). The prominent achievements under the
scheme include: expansion of artificial insemination
activity, production, distribution and utilization of
frozen semen (FS), organization of fertility camps,
livestock insurance programme and feed and fodder
development etc.
Fisheries
The fisheries sector as a significant employment
generator, source of nutritious food and as a foreign
exchange earner for the State, is showing a lot of
promise for the state economy. About 1.4 million people
are directly or indirectly employed in this sector in the
State and reporting faster growth than crop and livestock
sectors. Fisheries sector contributed 2.9 % to the GSDP
2012-13(A).
Andhra Pradesh ranks first in brackish water shrimp
production, first in fresh water prawn production;
second in fresh water fish production, second in total
value of fish and prawn produced and fifth in marine
fish production. The State contributes about Rs.3,000
Crores by way of marine exports, which is nearly 40%
of marine exports from India. 16.03 Lakh tonnes of fish
and prawn were produced in Andhra Pradesh in 2011-12.
Forestry
As per Forest records, Andhra Pradesh has 63,814 Sq.
Kms of forest area constituting 23.2 % of the total
geographical area of the State.
Forest products in the state include Timber, Bamboo,
Firewood & Charcoal, Beedi leaves and miscellaneous
items. There has been a gradual rise in the income
accrued from forestry sector in the State. From Rs.
81.38 crores in 2006-07, it went up to Rs.148.86 crores
in 2011-12 and Rs.72.37 (up to September 2012).
Sericulture
Andhra Pradesh is the second largest producer of
Mulberry and Tasar cocoons in the country, and is in the
initial stages in Muga culture. Andhra Pradesh has the
privilege of producing all 4 types of silk called Tasar, Eri,
Muga besides mulberry that is predominantly practiced
in Tribal areas of the State. Judicious exploitation for
rearing tasar silkworms can be explored to create
supplementary gainful employment for tribals as vast
tracts of forest based tasar plantations are available in
the State.
Andhra Pradesh has Tapioca plantations particularly in
East Godavari District. The farmers can utilise 30% of
the Tapioca leaf for rearing of Eri silk worms without
any deterioration in the yield of Tapioca tuber, to get
additional income of Rs. 2000 to 4000. 8.628 MTs of
Eri cocoons were produced by the Tapioca farmers in
2011-12.
Marketing
Marketing has been identified as one of the major thrust
areas under the 12th Plan. There are 333 Agricultural
Market Committees under which 906 market yards are
notified in the State.
The Market Committees collected Rs. 543.53 crores
towards market fee during 2011-12 and Rs. 277.89 crores
during 2012-13 (up to Oct. 2012).
There is a network of 107 Rythu Bazars in the State.
On an average about 45,000 farmers sell over 1.90 Lakh
quintals of vegetables, every week through these Rythu
Bazars directly to the consumers.
Industrial Development
The government is planning to extend complete
support to the industry sector with greater emphasis
on skill development and encouragement to Micro,
Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in a big way.
98,920 clearances were issued under Single Window to
63,191 units with a proposed investment of Rs.4,55,358
Crores and creating employment potential of 15,17,576
4persons (as on 31-08-2012) since the commencement
of the Act.
After the introduction of the Industrial Policy in 1991,
Andhra Pradesh received investment intention Industrial
Entrepreneur Memorandum for 7,632 proposals with an
investment of Rs. 9,10,666 crores to provide employment
to 14,34,529 persons so far (up to 31.10.2012). Of this,
3,206 proposals have gone into production with an
investment of Rs.84,550 crores providing employment
to 5,16,403 persons.
By the end of August, 2012, 2,859 Micro, Small and
Medium Enterprises were established during the year
providing employment to 52932 persons involving an
investment of Rs.1554 crore.
There are 115 SEZs approved by the Government of
India and out of these, 76 were notified and 28 have
become operational. Employment has been provided
to 1,65,161 so far as against the projected direct
employment generation of 16,39,349. Out of the
projected investment of Rs. 1,05,447 crores and the
achievement so far has been Rs. 14,267.43 crores.
There are 44 state level public enterprises (SLPEs)
functioning in the state. Rs.69355.98 crores capital was
employed by all these 44 state level public enterprises.
The Top five state level public enterprises with the
highest ‘Capital employed’ constitute 61.50% of the
total capital employed by all the SLPEs in the state.
The Government of A.P. during the Partnership Summit
2012, entered into MoU with the Cement Industry
among other industry related initiatives and initiated
action to process applications on fast track basis.
Mines and Geology
The State produces about 100 to 110 million tonnes
of industrial minerals, 200 million cubic meters of
dimensional stones and building material and stands 1st
in Barytes and Limestone production in the country. The
state contributes about 15% and approximately Rs.1000
Crores to the country’s mineral value production by way
of foreign exchange. The Mines Department has taken
initiative to get NOC’s from Revenue and disposed a
record number of Mineral Concession Applications.
The Department disposed 8547 Mineral concession
applications in the year 2008-09, 10140 in the year 2009-
10, 7731 in the year 2010-11, 6061 in the year 2011-12
and 2758 in the year 2012-13(up to Sep.2012).
Commerce and Exports
The State recorded Rs.1,13,917 crores exports in the year
2011-12 as against Rs.91,614 crores in the previous year.
Computer software contributes more than 33% to the
total exports. The other major exports from the State are
Engineering items, Drugs, Pharmaceuticals and allied
Chemicals and Plastics, Agriculture and Agro based
Products, Leather, Animal, Marine Products, Minerals
and Mineral Products.
Irrigation
86 projects (44 Major, 30 Medium, 4 Flood Banks
and 8 Modernization) are being considered under
Jalayagnam. The completion of the above projects, will
create new irrigation potential of 97.07 lakh acres and
stabilize 22.53 lakh acres. 14 projects were completed
and water released for 23 more projects creating partial
irrigation potential in 2004-05 to 2012-13 (up to Sep.12).
Remaining projects are programmed to be completed in
a time bound manner.
21.435 Lakh acres of Irrigation Potential (17.47 Lakh
acres new and 3.96 Lakh acres stabilization) were created
under Major and Medium irrigation projects from 2004-
05 to 2012-13. 8.25 lakh acres of irrigation potential was
created under Minor irrigation sources and APSIDC
irrigation projects. 29.68 lakh acres of new Irrigation
potential was created from 2004-05 to 2012-13 (up to
September-2012) including 3.96 lakh acres that was
stabilized under Major, Medium, Minor and APSIDC.
Modernization of Delta Systems and other projects
have been taken up at a cost of Rs. 15001.45 crores.
33 Projects (17 Major and 16 Medium) were included
under AIBP with a target of creating Irrigation potential
of 14.786 lakh Ha since 1996-97. About 78,000 tanks
are serving an ayacut of 46.50 lakh acres under Minor
Irrigation. Rehabilitation of small tanks has been taken
up at a cost of Rs.167 Crores.
Rehabilitation of Minor Irrigation schemes sanctioned
under World Bank assisted by Andhra Pradesh
Community Based Tank Management Project
(APCBTMP) are in progress. The scheme is intended
to improve 2157 Tanks at a total project cost of Rs.
1044.00 Crores to stabilize 15.37 Lakh Ha of ayacut.
The scheme is in progress and about 2100 schemes have
been grounded and 1189 works completed.
5Groundwater
A net rise in groundwater level to an extent of 3.99 m.
was recorded in the State over the pre-monsoon (May,
2012) ground water level in 2012-13(up to November,
2012).
Power
The installed capacity has increased from 213 Mega Watt
(MW) to 15895.30 MW from 1959 to 2012-13 (upto
September,2012); consumers served grew from 2.7 lakhs
to 246.06 lakhs, and energy handled per annum increased
from 686 MU to 41,165 MU (April’12 to Sep’12). The
annual total revenue including non-tariff income from
sale of power increased, from a mere Rs.5.50 crores to
Rs.28188.55 crores.
The Government provided a Tariff subsidy of Rs.5358.67
Crs during the year 2012-13. The Tariff subsidy provided
to agricultural sector was Rs 3621.98 Crs and cross
subsidy to agricultural sector was Rs.3491.87 Crs.
As per modified policy, farmers having up to 3
connections in dry land, and up to 2.5 Acres land
holding in wet lands are eligible for free power. 95% of
the farmers out of 31.07 Lakh agricultural services, are
eligible for free power excluding farmers having more
than 3 connections in dry land, more than 2.5 Acres land
holding in wetland, IT assesses and corporate farmers.
Roads
The total R&B Road Network in the State was 70,879
Kms as on 31-12-2012. Of this, National Highways
constitute 4,730 Kms, the State Highways constitute
10,491 Kms Major District Roads constitute 32,262
Kms and Rural Roads 23,396 Kms. The density with
reference to R&B Road Network in the State is 0.23
Kms per one Square Kilometer and 0.86 Kms per 1,000
persons.
The total length of the rural roads under Panchayat Raj
engineering department was 1,43,918 Kms in the State
as on 01-04-2012. Out of this, 5,448 Kms are other
District Roads, 1,222 Kms Major District Roads and
1,37,248 Kms village roads. The surface details of the
road length are CC Roads 3,644 Kms; BT 38,518 Kms,
WBM 27,032 Kms and Gravel 74,724 Kms.
Transport
The State had a registry of 110.53 lakh vehicles as on
30-11-2011. About 72.22% of the vehicles on road are
two wheelers, followed by cars, three wheelers, buses
and trucks. The growth of vehicles in the State is around
14%.
APSRTC
The corporation has 7 Zones, 23 Regions and 211
Depots with a total fleet strength of 22,604 buses and
1.23 lakhs employees on rolls as on September, 2012.
All the 211 depots having fleet operation were
computerized and linked through a dial up network. It
recorded fuel efficiency of 5.12 per litre during 2012-
13(up to September, 2012). It operates on about 82.03
lakh kms and transports about 1.50 crore passengers
daily. The average vehicle productivity per day of its fleet
is 365 kms.
Airports
Domestic passenger growth was around 16.43% Year
on Year(YoY), whereas International passenger’s traffic
grew by 1.33 % for the year 2011-12. Overall the
passenger traffic has shown growth of 12.72% YoY.
In the year 2011-12 the airport handled 8.60 Million
passengers.
Sea Ports
The Gangavaram Port located in Visakhapatnam
district handled 138.70 Lakh Tonnes of Cargo and
realized revenue of Rs.504.80 Crores in 2011-12. The
Government received Rs.9.45 Crores as Government
share. The Port handled 62.40 lakh tonnes of Cargo
and realized revenue of Rs.225.96 Crores in 2012-13 up
to September, 2012.
Communications
There were16,142 Post Offices in the State, of which
104 are Mukhya Dak Ghars/Head Post Offices, 2,335
Sub Post Offices and 13,703 Branch Post Offices as on
31st March 2012. Similarly, the state had 416 customer
service centers having Telegraph section, 4,263
Telephone Exchanges up to Sep.2012.
Banking
There were 9,008 scheduled bank offices by the end of
June, 2012 in the State. The aggregate deposits amounted
to Rs.3,59,228 crores and the total bank credit extended
was to the order of Rs.4,15,010 crores as on 30-6-2012.
The credit-deposit ratio of the banks in the state is
115.53% as against RBI norm of 60%.
6Tourism
APTDC has registered a systematic growth both in
terms of revenue and tourist arrivals over the years. The
Government’s thrust on development and promotion
of tourism has enabled this. In line with the policy of
the Government, APTDC focused on development of
tourism infrastructure that led to promotion of new
tourism products and successful functioning of tourist
centers.
Andhra Pradesh with more than 600 tourist locations
attracts the largest number of tourists in India. More
than 7 million visitors visit the state every year. Andhra
Pradesh tourism is known as Koh-I-Noor of India.
Information Technology
IT sector is making steady strides in ushering rapid
socio-economic development of the State. AP recorded
a growth rate of 16% compared to the All India growth
rate is 15.7%, in 2011-2012. The State of Andhra
Pradesh contributes 12.4% to national IT exports and
ranks 4th in IT performance in the country. IT sector
contributes about 39% of total exports from all sectors
in the State.
Information Technology (IT) sector in Andhra Pradesh
reported a total exports turnover of Rs.40,646 crores,
besides providing additional employment to 39,186
IT professionals, taking the total IT employment to
3,18,624 in the year 2011-2012.
School Education
Enrolment in all types of schools in the state during
2011-12 was 133.91 lakhs out of which 4.10 lakhs were
in Pre-primary; 70.84 lakhs in I –V classes; 26.06 lakhs
in VI&VII classes, 32.67 lakhs in VIII-X classes and 0.23
lakhs in XI &XII classes. In percentage terms enrolment
of children was about 52.91% in I-V classes, 19.46%
children in VI&VII; 24.40% in VIII-X; 0.17 in XI&XII
and the balance 3.06% in Pre-primary
During 2011-12, dropouts at I-V classes (Primary Level)
were 15.60% 20.79% at I-VII (Upper Primary Level)
and 45.71% at I-X (Secondary Level).
70.54 lakh children were covered under Midday Meal
Scheme during 2012-13, out of which, 37.42 lakh are
in Primary [I-V] classes, 20.20 lakh in Upper primary
[VI-VIII], 0.17 lakh children in NCLP and 12.74 lakh
children in High Schools.
Intermediate Education
There are 812 Government Junior Colleges and 12
Government Vocational Junior colleges under the
administrative control of the Director of Intermediate
Education. The Director of Intermediate Education
looks after the functioning of 205 Private Aided Junior
Colleges with regard to Grant-in-aid, service conditions
and academic matters.
12 Exclusive Government Vocational Junior colleges
and 753 Junior Colleges (both Government and private)
are also offering Vocational courses in addition to 698
Exclusive Private Vocational Junior Colleges.
Collegiate Education
There are 252 Government Degree Colleges with an
intake of 1.91 lakh students and 179 Aided Colleges with
1.44 lakh students in the state with a total enrolment
of 3.35 lakhs. 76 Under Graduate restructured courses
were started in 78 degree colleges in the last three years.
Similarly, 60 restructured Post Graduation courses were
started in 59 colleges.
Technical Education
Professional courses are offered at various levels.
The intake in Engineering courses is 3,35,000 in 707
institutions; 46,795 in 644 institutions in MCA; 86,905
in 926 institutions MBA; 29,520 in 290 institutions in B.
Pharmacy; 2560 in 47 institutions in the D. Pharmacy;
and 76,000 in 263 institutions in Polytechnic courses.
Craftsmen trainings are being given in 140 Government
Industrial Training Institutes and 658 Private ITCs under
employment and training programme. The total intake
capacity of Government ITIs was 24,250 and Private
ITCs 74,500 students in 2012-13.
Family Welfare
Family Welfare Department provides maternal health
care, child health care and family welfare services through
12,522 Sub-Centres, 1,624 Primary Health Centres,
292 Community Health Centres, 91 Area Hospitals, 17
District Hospitals, 11 Mother and Child Care hospitals
and 14 Teaching hospitals. There are 116 Urban Family
Welfare Centres, 12 Urban Health Posts in Hyderabad
and 272 Urban Health Centres in Urban Areas of the
State.
The estimated Birth rate, Death rate and Infant Mortality
Rates in the state are 17.5, 7.5 and 43 respectively for
7the year, 2011 while it is 21.8, 7.1 and 44 for All India
(as per Sample Registration System, Bulletin Oct.2012).
Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) is defined as the
proportion of maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births
reported, which is 134 in the state as against 212 in AllIndia as per the Sample Registration System, 2007-09.
Health indicators are being effectively monitored at
the district level under health-nutrition convergence
approach.
Rajiv Aarogyasri Health Insurance Scheme
Rajiv Aarogyasri Health Scheme is being implemented
through Aarogyasri Health Care Trust to assist 233
lakh poor families from catastrophic health expenditure
in the state. The scheme provides end-to-end cashless
services for identified diseases through a network of
hospitals from Government and private sector. Under
the scheme, each BPL family is provided health coverage
to the extent of Rs.2.00 lakhs.
The scheme introduced on 01.04.2007 on pilot basis was
subsequently extended to the entire state in a phased
manner to cover 7.0 crore population spread across
the state. 938 identified therapies in 31 categories are
covered under the scheme. The entire scheme is funded
by the Government and budget is provided through
green channel to facilitate unhindered access to required
funds.
About 35,391 Medical camps were held by the network
hospitals in rural areas and 62.98 lakh patients screened
in these health camps since inception of the scheme
(01.04.2007) until 30th September 2012. 40.80 lakh
patients were treated as out-patients and 18.17 lakh
patients treated as in-patients in 425 network hospitals
under the scheme so far. 16.36 lakh therapies were preauthorized.
A.P. Vaidya Vidhana Parishad
APVVP hospitals provide out-patient, in-patient
services, diagnostic services and laboratory services.
There are 2234 Medical, 4733 Nursing and 3893
Paramedical, 2743 Support and Administration cadres
working for health care in the state. Vacancies are being
filled up to provide better medical care to needy patients.
Sanitation and cleaning services are contracted to third
party agencies and other non-clinical services like
security are provided mostly through third party or
contract basis.
Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram scheme is being
implemented at the hospital level. The Scheme aims to
provide cashless deliveries and care to sick new born for
30 days after birth, make local purchase of emergency
drugs and consumables, facilitate diagnostics for ANC
checkups and provide free blood and free diet.
Health
The School health program known as Jawahar Bala
Arogya Raksha (JBAR) is aimed at prevention of illness
as well as promotion of health and well-being of school
children, through early detection and care, development
of healthy attitude and behavior, ensuring healthy
environment at school, prevention of communicable
diseases and increased learning capabilities.
Andhra Pradesh is one of the states with the sixth highest
prevalence of AIDS in the country. Among these six
states, Andhra Pradesh tops in terms of the maximum
PLHAs (People living with HIV/AIDS) in the country.
However, through sustained efforts, during the last three
years, the prevalence has come down, as per reports of
the year 2010.
Women Development and Child Welfare
There are 387 ICDS projects (300 in Rural areas,
29 in tribal areas and 58 in urban areas) with 91,307
Anganwadi centers. The Government has taken up
mother child protection in a big way and the progress
is being monitored through the Mother Child Tracking
System on a regular basis.
A convergent approach has been evolved to protect the
health of the pregnant and lactating mothers and newly
born babies through Maarpu, Indiramma Amrutha
Hastham and other programmes.
Disabled Welfare
There are 5 Residential Schools for visually impaired,
6 Residential Schools for hearing impaired, One
Residential Junior College for hearing impaired at
Bapatla and one Residential Junior College for visually
impaired at Mahaboobnagar headed by Principals of
respective School/College.
There are about 40 Hostels and 3 Homes functioning
under the control of department. Economic
Rehabilitation and Development schemes are being
implemented through bank linkage.
8Backward Classes Welfare
There are 1,398 Government B.C. hostels, (1,074 hostels
for boys and 309 hostels for girls and 15 integrated
hostels) at present. A total of 1,54,096 boarders were
admitted in B.C. hostels during 2011-12 and 1,38,415
were admitted up to Sep.2012. All these hostels include
an intake of 76% Backward Classes, 10% Scheduled
Castes, 5% Scheduled Tribes, 3% Minorities and 6%
other castes students for encouraging Social Integration.
885 hostels of the total 1,398 hostels are located in
Government buildings. Out of the remaining hostels,
114 buildings are under construction under matching
grant programme and under centrally sponsored scheme
to provide clean and healthy ambience to boarders. 3.03
lakh EBC students were sanctioned reimbursement of
tuition fee during the year 2011-12 and 4,17,429 students
in 2012-13.
Social Welfare
2,358 hostels (Boys 1,640 and Girls 718) were functioning
in the State in 2011-12, with 1.96 lakh students.
Government enhanced the mess charges in Government
hostels from Rs.475/- per month to Rs.850/- p.m. for
boarders up to 7th class and from Rs.535/- p.m. to
Rs.850/- p.m. for boarders from 8th to 10th class from
the academic year 2012-13 onwards.
Government of Andhra Pradesh enacted “Andhra
Pradesh Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan and Tribal
Sub-Plan (Planning, Allocation and Utilization of
Financial Resources) Act,2013 in January, 2013 to
ensure accelerated development of Scheduled Castes
and Scheduled Tribes with emphasis on achieving
equality in the next ten years. Old people, widows,
weavers and disabled persons are given pensions under
INDlRAMMA programme. 2,19,272 pensioners were
given pensions in the 1st Phase, 2,36,318 in the 2nd
Phase and 2,38,225 pensioners in the 3rd phase were
assisted under INDIRAMMA programme. 6,93,815
were given pensions in the three phases.
Tribal Welfare
Tribal Welfare Department maintains 599 Ashram
schools with a strength of 1,44,720 ST students; 442
Hostels with a strength of 68,570; 4,317 Government
Primary Schools with a strength of 90,289; and 269
Post-matric hostels with a boarder strength of 45,730
ST students. 86% of ST students passed in the SSC
exams held in March, 2012. 5,788 ST students studying
in 121 reputed schools under Best Available Schools
Scheme receive Pre-Matric Scholarships ranging from
Rs.8,800/- to Rs.20,000/- per annum per boarder. Post
Matric Scholarships worth Rs. 93.82 cr. were sanctioned
to ST students in 2012-13 till September, 2012.
Minorities Welfare
A.P. State Minorities Finance Corporation assists weaker
sections of Minorities viz., Muslims, Sikhs, Buddhists
and Parsis etc., in their socio economic development
through banks for which subsidy is provided for
economic assistance schemes and Grant-in-Aid for
welfare schemes.
Pre & post matric scholarships & fee reimbursement to
cover spill over cases of 1,44,478 students of 2011-12
and Rs. 18,342.49 lakhs for 2012-13 (up to Sept’12) were
released under AP State Minorities Finance Corporation.
Youth Services
It is programmed to assist 9000 beneficiaries with an
outlay of Rs.90.00 crores, out of which Rs.27.00 crores
was subsidy and Rs.63.00 Crores bank loan under Rajiv
Yuvasakhati programme in 2012-13. Sanctions were
accorded to 6945 units with a subsidy of Rs.17.49 crores,
Bank loan of Rs.37.42 crores, beneficiary contribution
of 0.84 crores and project cost of Rs.55.75 crores.
83 units were grounded up to November, 2012 with
a subsidy of Rs.0.24 crores and Bank loan of Rs.0.51
crores, beneficiary contribution of 0.03 and project cost
of Rs.0.78 crores.
Housing
105.82 lakh houses were completed comprising 97.30
lakh in rural areas and 8.52 lakh in urban areas since
its inception till the end of 31st March 2012 under
Weaker Section Housing Programme. 2.03 lakh houses
were completed, of which 1.91 lakh are in rural
areas and 0.13 lakh in urban areas in 2012-13 (up to
September, 2012).
Rural Water Supply and Sanitation
The Government is determined to solve the drinking
water problem in rural areas by delivering adequate,
safe and potable drinking water to all rural people,
especially ensuring supply of safe water to habitations
with fluoride, brackish and polluted water. About 2342
(1960 SVS+382 MVS) works were taken up at a cost of
Rs. 2520.23 crore to cover 12,139 habitations in 2012-
913. Rs.447.00 Crore was spent covering 1947 habitations
up to November 2012 and the balance works are in
progress.
Nirmal Bharath Abhiyan - Total Sanitation
Campaign
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) has been renamed as
Nirmal Bharath Abhiyan (NBA) from 1st April 2012.
Projects were sanctioned in 22 districts in the State
in a phased manner by Government of India with
matching share from State Government, beneficiaries
and panchayats.
The Programme is sanctioned with a target of
1,02,65,917 Individual household Latrines (IHHLs) to
be constructed in rural areas for BPL families, 1,15,908
School toilets and 14,990 Anganwadi toilets; against
which, 81,71,542 IHHLs, 1,12,588 School toilets, and
8,073 Anganwadi toilets have been constructed up
to November, 2012. 6,54,282 IHHLs, 7,308 School
toilets, and 1,048 Anganwadi toilets were constructed in
2011-12.
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
Water Supply improvement schemes are being taken up
in Urban Local bodies from time to time to improve
per capita water supply on par with National Standards.
18 water supply schemes costing Rs.603.27 crore have
been completed duly adding 181.71 MLD during
2012-13 (Sept. 2012).
Hyderabad Metropolitan Development
Authority
Outer Ring Road Project (Hyderabad)
Government has taken up development of major
infrastructure facilities in Hyderabad City including
the construction of Outer Ring Road. The 158 Km
long Outer Ring Road provides connectivity to various
National Highways, State Highways and MDRs. The
ORR is being taken up as an eight lane access controlled
expressway with a design speed of 120 KMPH.
The 8- lane ORR under phase-I was opened to traffic in
July 2010. Phase-I works including service roads, flyover
at Gachibowli and other miscellaneous works have been
completed.
The construction of RoB on spinal road at Kukatpally
near MMTS station was taken up as a 4-lane divided
carriageway with 910 mts length and 21.5 mts width at
an estimated amount of Rs. 68.68 Crores. 95% of the
works are completed in Non-Railway portion.
Rural Development
At present there are 1,15,48,174 SHG members
in 10,59,101 SHGs organized into 38,821 Village
Organizations (VOs) and 1098 Mandal Samakhyas(MSs).
In addition to the above (MSs), there are 406 Mandal
Vikalangula Sangams, 4 Zilla Vikalangula Samakhyas,
17 Chenchu Mandal Samakhyas, 7 Fishermen Mandal
Samakhyas and 20 Yanadi Mandal Samakyas in the State.
The total savings & corpus of SHG members up to
September 2012 was Rs.4054.44 crores and Rs.5871.91
crores respectively. The social capital created during the
project period up to September, 2012 was 1,73,841.
In all, a total of 76.09 lakhs pensions are targeted to be
distributed every month. An amount of Rs. 1922.37
crores was provided in the budget, Rs.1941.03 crores
was released, Rs.2069.00 crores distributed to 69.04 lakh
pensioners in 2011-12. Rs. 2178.44 Crores was allocated
in budget, Rs. 1089.22 Crores released and Rs. 1108.55
Crores distributed to 68.05 lakh pensioners. (up to
Sep.’12) in 2012-13.
Backward Region Grant Fund
A total of 48,327 works with an estimated cost of
Rs.568.29 Cr. (which includes 13,625 works with an
amount of Rs.138.66 Cr.) under SC Sub-Plan and 6871
works with an amount of Rs.80.17 crores under ST SubPlan were taken up under this scheme. 19333 spill-over
works also were taken up with an estimated cost of
Rs.295.26 crores for the year 2012-13. Physical works of
18,337 works at an expenditure of Rs.163.14 crores were
completed up to Sep 2012.
Rajiv Palle Bata
An amount of 463.22 crores was sanctioned under the
programme up to 31.3.2012. No works were sanctioned
under RPB in the years 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12 and
2012-13. Allocated amount is being released partly for
completion of ongoing works which were sanctioned
during the year 2008-09. An amount of Rs.15.00 crores
was provided under the programme in 2012-13. Out of
these funds, an amount of Rs.3.385 crores was released
to districts for completion of ongoing RPB works.
10Rachabanda
Rachabanda programme is a new initiative taken up
by the Government recently to instill confidence among
the public by redressing their grievances and taking
administration to the door steps of the people.
About 21.43 lakh ration cards/coupons and 5.21
lakh pensions were distributed and 2.87 lakh houses
sanctioned during Rachabanda-II. Fresh applications
received during this programme are being redressed in
a phased manner.
Poverty
As per the latest estimates of the Planning Commission
released in March 2012, the poverty ratios for rural and
urban areas of Andhra Pradesh was 22.8% and 17.7%
respectively and combined was 21.1% for the year 2009-
10. Corresponding figures for All India during the same
period were 33.8%, 20.9% for rural and urban areas
and combined was 29.8%. Annexure 9.1 depicts the
percentage of people below the poverty line in Andhra
Pradesh and at All India level for different time periods.
Employment - Unemployment
The number of establishments in the organized sector
grew to 19,591 by March, 2012. Out of these, 13,175
were in Public Sector and 6,416 were in Private Sector.
20.28 lakhs persons were employed in the organized
Sector as on March, 2012. The Public Sector alone
accounted for 12.76 lakhs and the remaining 7.52 lakhs
were employed in the Private Sector.
A total of 1,97,087 candidates were enrolled, 9,530
vacancies notified to Employment Exchanges and 820
candidates placed in 2012-13 (up to Oct.12). There were
19,07,027 candidates on live register of Employment
Exchanges at the end of October, 2012.
The rural and urban unemployment rates in Andhra
Pradesh as well as at All India levels increased from
1993-94 to 1999-2000. However, from 1999-2000 to
2004-05, the rural and urban unemployment rates in
Andhra Pradesh decreased.
The decline in urban unemployment (from 39 to 36)
was sharper compared to that of rural unemployment
(from 8 to 7). Rural Unemployment rate has however
increased (5 points) from 7 in 2004-05 to 12 in 2009-10
whereas urban unemployment rate has decreased by 5
points from 36 to 31. Similarly, at All India level, urban
unemployment rate has fallen sharply 11 points from
45 to 34 whereas rural unemployment rate declined
marginally (only 1 point) from 17 to 16.
11
th
Five Year Plan
The state economy, as measured by growth in the real
Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP), grew at 8.18%
during the 11
th
Five Year Plan period (2007-12) –
marginally higher than the All India’s GDP growth of
8.03% for the same period.
The performance of the state economy during the last
three Five year plan periods has come out to be better
than the national average, albeit marginally. In spite
of the fact that there is some shortfall in the overall
achievement during the 11
th
Plan period as compared to
the growth target, the growth achievement, none the less
can be considered noteworthy.
12
th
Five Year Plan
The main goal of the 12
th
Plan is ‘faster, sustainable and
more inclusive growth’. Andhra Pradesh is targeting a
growth of 10% during the 12
th
Plan period (2012-17)
with the corresponding sectoral growth targets of 6%
for Agriculture, 10.5% for Industry and 11.5% for
Services.
The overall strategy for 12
th
Plan will be to look beyond
growth and focus on generation of employment to the
millions of the youth in the State. This will eventually
result in a faster reduction in unemployment and poverty
through skill development and also help bridging
multiple divides.
11
Paper-1: GENERAL STUDIES
